Screening of substance use and mental health problems among Spanish medical students: A multicenter study

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of substance consumption and mental health problems among Spanish medical students, and their association with sociodemographic factors. Methods: A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted. Self-reported data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected, including BDI-II, PHQ-9, brief STAI, and single-item academic burnout (IUBA). Results: Overall, 1265 students (74.2% female) completed the survey. Of them, 37.4% scored positive for depressive symptoms, as measured by the BDI-II, and more than half (53%) by the PHQ-9. Suicidal ideation was reported by about 12% whilst high levels of state and trait anxiety were informed by 28.8% and 29.4% of the students. The prevalence of burnout was 40.2%. Female and pre-clinical students reported significantly (p < 0.01) higher rates of depressive, anxiety, and burnout symptoms. Alcohol, energy drinks, and tobacco were the most frequently used substances. Total scores of self-reported mental health problems negatively correlated (p < 0.001) with objective academic results and positively correlated (p < 0.02) with the number of substances consumed in the last 30 days. Limitations: Research-based on self-reported data could favour information bias due to the social desirability effect and memory error. Conclusions: A high prevalence of substance consumption and several mental health problems was found among medical students, especially females. The relevant influence of academic-related factors on students' well-being may be a call for medical schools to implement initiatives aimed to improve students' ability to detect, address, and seek help for their mental health issues

Analysis and characterization of the backscatter-link frequency in passive UHF-RFID systems

[ES] La tecnología de identificación por radiofrecuencia (RFID) es clave para la visualización de cada objeto en el marco de la Internet de las Cosas. Y más concretamente, la tecnología pasiva es la más extendida e implantada, ya que un lector puede identificar multitud de etiquetas en un corto periodo de tiempo. Cada etiqueta responde al lector a través de una subportadora denominada Frecuencia de Enlace por Retro-dispersión (Backscatter-Link Frequency, BLF). Con el objetivo de caracterizar este parámetro, en este artículo se emplea un conjunto de pruebas para evaluar la aleatoriedad de valores de BLF medidos y obtenidos de etiquetas comerciales. Los resultados muestran grandes variaciones de este parámetro respecto al primer valor esperado por el lector, así como durante el proceso de comunicación. Este comportamiento puede ser aprovechado como una característica diferenciadora de cada etiqueta y puede emplearse en los procesos de comunicación u otros fines. Consiguiendo, en definitiva, e[EN] Radio-frequency identification technology (RFID) is key for the  visualization of each object in the Internet of Things framework. Specifically, passive technology is the most widespread type of the worldwide implemented systems, due to a reader can identify multitude of tags in a short period of time. Each tag responds to the reader at a subcarrier called Backscatter-Link Frequency (BLF). In order to characterize this parameter, a set of tests has been used in this paper to assess the randomness of measured BLF values from commercial tags. The results show great variations of this parameter comparing with the first expected value in the reader, as well as during the communication process. This behavior can be used as a distinguishing feature of each tag, in communication processes or for other purposes. Ultimately, creating and providing more efficient passive tags.Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, ayudas FPU13/01582 y EST15/00367Blanco, J.; García, A.; Cañas, V. (2020). Análisis y caracterización de la frecuencia de enlace por retro-dispersión en sistemas UHF-RFID pasivos. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática industrial. 17(1):76-83. https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2019.11115OJS7683171Arjona, L., Simon, H., & Ruiz, A. 2018. Energy-Aware RFID Anti-Collision Protocol. Sensors, 18(6), 1904. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061904Badru, A., & Ajayi, N. 2017. Adoption of RFID in large-scale organisation - A review of challenges and solutions. In 2017 IST-Africa Week Conference (IST-Africa) (pp. 1-10). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.23919/ISTAFRICA.2017.8102394Bagheri, N., Alenaby, P., & Safkhani, M. 2017. A new anti-collision protocol based on information of collided tags in RFID systems. International Journal of Communication Systems, 30(3), e2975. https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.2975Bratuz, I., Vodopivec, A., & Trost, A. 2014. Resolving Collision in EPCglobal Class-1 Gen-2 System by Utilizing the Preamble. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 13(10), 5330-5339. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2014.2350975Chen, Y., Su, J., & Yi, W. 2017. An Efficient and Easy-to-Implement Tag Identification Algorithm for UHF RFID Systems. IEEE Communications Letters, 21(7), 1509-1512. https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2017.2649490Choi, H., Kim, H., & Choi, S. 2017. Capture-Aware Couple-Resolution Blocking Protocol in RFID Systems. Wireless Personal Communications, 93(4), 969-986. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-016-3940-2Dawei Shen, Woo, G., Reed, D. P., Lippman, A. B., & Junyu Wang. 2009. Separation of multiple passive RFID signals using Software Defined Radio. In 2009 IEEE International Conference on RFID (pp. 139-146). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID.2009.4911203Duan, L., Zhang, X., Wang, Z. J., & Duan, F. 2017. A Feasible Segment-by-Segment ALOHA Algorithm for RFID Systems. Wireless Personal Communications, 96(2), 2633-2649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4316-yGS1. (2016). EPC Information Services ( EPCIS ) Standard.GS1. (2018). EPC TM Radio-Frequency Identity Protocols Generation-2 UHF RFID Specification for RFID Air Interface. Version 2.1.Huang, K.-S., Hwang, C.-K., Lee, B.-K., & Chung, I.-H. 2017. An exact closed-form formula of collision probability in diverse multiple access communication systems with frame slotted aloha protocol. Journal of the Franklin Institute, 354(13), 5739-5752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfranklin.2017.05.028Salah, H., Ahmed, H. A., Robert, J., & Heuberger, A. 2015. FFT Based Rate Estimation for UHF RFID Systems. In Smart SysTech 2015 : European Conference on Smart Objects, Systems, and Technologies (pp. 1-5). Aachen, Germany.Shoufeng, W., Dongchen, Z., Xiaoyan, X., Shumeng, S., & Tinglan, W. 2014. A novel anti-collision scheme for RFID systems. In 2014 IEEE World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT) (pp. 458-461). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/WF-IoT.2014.6803210Solic, P., Maras, J., Radic, J., & Blazevic, Z. 2017. Comparing theoretical and experimental results in Gen2 RFID throughput. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 14(1), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASE.2016.2532959Su, J., Sheng, Z., Hong, D., & Wen, G. 2016. An Effective Frame Breaking Policy for Dynamic Framed Slotted Aloha in RFID. IEEE Communications Letters, 20(4), 692-695. https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2016.2521839White, G., Nallur, V., & Clarke, S. 2017. Quality of service approaches in IoT: A systematic mapping. Journal of Systems and Software, 132, 186-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2017.05.125Wijayasekara, S. K., Robithoh, A., Sasithong, P., Vanichchanunt, P., Nakpeerayuth, S., & Wuttisittikulkij, L. 2017. A Reduced Complexity of Vahedi's Tag Estimation Method for DFSA. Engineering Journal, 21(6), 111-125. https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2017.21.6.111Wu, H., Wang, Y., & Zeng, Y. 2018. Capture-aware Bayesian RFID tag estimate for large-scale identification. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 5(1), 119-127. https://doi.org/10.1109/JAS.2017.7510757Yong, W., Qing, L., Lei, W., & Hao, S. 2017. Research on Anti-Collision Algorithm in Radio Frequency Identification Technology. In 2017 9th International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics (IHMSC) (pp. 239-244). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IHMSC.2017.167Zhang, T., Li, Q., Zhang, C.-S., Liang, H.-W., Li, P., Wang, T.-M., … Wu, C. 2017. Current trends in the development of intelligent unmanned autonomous systems. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 18(1), 68-85. https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.160165

Learning how to surf: reconstructing the propagation and origin of gravitational waves with Gaussian processes

Large scale structure and cosmolog

Influence of stress and depression on the immune system in patients evaluated in an anti-aging unit

Background: There is compelling evidence pointing out that stress and depression produce a dramatic impact on human well-being mainly through impairing the regular function of the immune system and producing a low-chronic inflammation status that favors the occurrence of infections, metabolic diseases, and even cancer. The present work aims to evaluate the stress/depression levels of some patients treated in an antiaging unit and detect any potential relationship with their immune system status prior of the implementation of a physical/psychological program designed to prevent health deterioration. Methods: We evaluated 48 patients (16 men and 32 women with a mean age of 55.11 ± 10.71 years) from middle-upper class from psychological and immunological points of view. In particular, we analyzed neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis; lymphocyte chemotaxis and proliferation, and natural killer (NK) cell activity. Results: Women showed more depressive symptoms than men. Chemotaxis levels of lymphocytes and neutrophils in women showed a significant reduction compared with those in men. We also found a strong negative correlation between depression and NK cell function. This correlation was also significant independently of gender. Conclusion: We conclude that NK activity is affected at least by depression state, and we propose that a combined treatment consisting of cognitive behavioral therapy and physical activity programs might improve patient health deterioration

Modular and Reconfigurable Platform as New Philosophy for the Development of Updatable Vehicular Electronics

[EN] A new conception in the development of Electronic Control Units (ECUs), which are also called On-Board Units (OBUs), is discussed in this paper from an ontological vision oriented to the compatibility of vehicles with future technologies in the automotive field. This work also provides a new methodology in the design of On-Board vehicle units. The proposed technique is based on the concept of modular electronic units that can change their functionality depending on the modules they are consisted of. The study was initially designed at the theoretical level, analysing the problems in the sector in the face of the coexistence between vehicles today and those that are bound to appear in the near future, and that will incorporate capabilities making them connected and even autonomous. Additionally, a fully operational prototype has been developed so as to ascertain the possibilities of the proposed solution.[ES] Se presenta una nueva concepción en el desarrollo de Unidades Electrónicas de Control (ECU), también denominadas Unidades de a Bordo (OBU), desde una visión ontológica orientada en la compatibilización de los vehículos con las futuras tecnologías emergentes en el campo de la automoción. Se comienza por un estudio teórico que analiza la problemática en el sector del transporte que va a presentar la convivencia entre los vehículos actuales y los que van a ir apareciendo en el futuro; y que vendrán influenciados por conceptos tales como los vehículos conectados o los vehículos autónomos. Este artículo también aporta una nueva metodología en el diseño de unidades vehiculares de a bordo, basada en el concepto de unidades electrónicas modulares que definen su funcionalidad en base a los módulos que le sean acoplados. Adicionalmente se ha desarrollado un prototipo completo y totalmente funcional con el fin de analizar las posibilidades de la solución propuesta.Este trabajo ha sido realizado parcialmente gracias al apoyo recibido mediante la resolución del 31/07/2014, publicada por la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, que establece las bases reguladoras de la convocatoria para contratos predoctorales con objeto de preparar nuevos investigadores bajo el Plan Propio de I+D+i. [2014/10340]Cañas, V.; García, A.; De Las Morenas, J.; Blanco, J. (2019). Plataforma Modular Reconfigurable como Nueva Filosofía para el Desarrollo de Electrónica Vehicular Actualizable. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática. 16(2):200-211. https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2018.9863SWORD20021116

Disease severity in familial cases of IBD

Background: Phenotypic traits of familial IBD relative to sporadic cases are controversial, probably related to limited statistical power of published evidence. Aim: To know if there are phenotype differences between familial and sporadic IBD, evaluating the prospective Spanish registry (ENEIDA) with 11,983 cases. Methods: 5783 patients (48.3%) had ulcerative colitis (UC) and 6200 (51.7%) Crohn's disease (CD). Cases with one or more 1st, 2nd or 3rd degree relatives affected by UC/CD were defined as familial case. Results: In UC and CD, familial cases compared with sporadic cases had an earlier disease onset (UC: 33 years [IQR 25–44] vs 37 years [IQR 27–49]; p b 0.0001); (CD: 27 years [IQR 21–35] vs 29 years [IQR 22–40]; p b 0.0001), higher prevalence of extraintestinal immune-related manifestations (EIMs) (UC: 17.2% vs 14%; p = 0.04); (CD: 30.1% vs 23.6%; p b 0.0001). Familial CD had higher percentage of ileocolic location (42.7% vs 51.8%; p = 0.0001), penetrating behavior (21% vs 17.6%; p = 0.01) and perianal disease (32% vs 27.1%; p = 0.003). Differences are not influenced by degree of consanguinity. Conclusion: When a sufficiently powered cohort is evaluated, familial aggregation in IBD is associated to an earlier disease onset, more EIMs and more severe phenotype in CD. This feature should be taken into account at establishing predictors of disease course

Formación de contadores públicos en Colombia: Una revisión de contenido y contexto

This paper presents the research results about the way that public accounting programs in Colombia elaborate the basic views that frame and indict their training proposals. The paper reviews the differences between the object of academic programs (object of study) and the object of disciplinary knowledge as starting points of the analysis, then describes the procedure and research methodological considerations and then presented as a result, the relationship between the academic discourse and training proposals through an analysis of peculiarities in the programs studied. The paper ends with the main conclusions of the study and its utility for the creation of training proposals.Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación referida a la manera en que los programas de Contaduría Pública en Colombia construyen los referentes básicos que enmarcan y encausan sus propuestas formativas. Inicia presentando la diferenciación entre el objeto de estudio y el objeto de conocimiento como punto de partida del análisis; luego, describe el proceder y consideraciones metodológicas de la investigación, y seguidamente presenta como resultado las relaciones entre el discurso académico y las propuestas formativas a través de un análisis de particularidades en los programas considerados. El artículo finaliza con las principales conclusiones del estudio y su utilidad para la conformación de propuestas formativas